Carburetor for internal-combustion engines



Aug. 2s, 1924. 1,506,224

L. A. DE BECKER CARBURETOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Sept. 2. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Ausfze. 1924. y Y n 1.506.324

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Patented Aug. 26, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFics.

LEON ALEXANDER. DE BECKER, 0F ST. MARGARETS-ON-THAMES, ENGLAND;

CARBURETOR FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION Application filed September buretor which Will enable an internal corn- Hustion engine run onparaiiin to be started with th'J 'saineV fuel. The invention will also be'found to bex useful inthe case of engines run on some of the indifferent' qualities of liquid fuel sold at the present time aspetrol or inthe 'case of any liquid vfuel or mixture of liquidv fuels 'which can not be readily vaporized at` the start.

The invention consists of a pre-heater and vaporizei to be ap lied to the jet ofa carburetor, which can e used with many types of carburetors Without entailing any structural'alterations in the parts of said carburetors.

4Said re-heater and vaporizer consists essentialy of an aggregation or mass of somewhat porous carbon or, if desired, graphite, which is mounted on the jet of a carburetor in such manner as to be insulated 'therefrom and is electrically connected to a battery. The pre-heater -and vaporizer so long as it is made of a size cox-'responding to the jet to which it is to be applied and is electrically insulated therefrom may be constructed or built up in any suitable Way. For instance itA may, and preferably does, consist of a sleeve of carbon of uniform diameter throughout its length whichv is insulated from the jet of the carburetor by means of mica or other insulating material. The sides of said sleeve of carbon may be {iuted or be ro- A 'ternatively the re-heater and vaporizer may be constructe of a number of segments of carbon separated from one another by fins formed on a anged tube of porcelain or other non-conducting material, or of a number of discs of carbon, which may vary in diameter, separated from one another by discs of non-conducting material and sup- 2, 1921. VSerial No. 438,031.

ported on a anged tube of porcelain or other non-conducting material, oiof a nuniber of concentric'sleeves` of carbon' supported onl a iianged tube of po'rcelaxror other non-conductilg material. In all ot the three alternative constructions of the pre-heater and vaporizer above'referred to the separate carbon arts, namely the' segments, discsV and s eeves, are electrically connected to one another Eso that.' all of them will be heated by the passage` of; an'electric current.

The invention is illustrated bythe accompanying drawings.

Figjl is a vertical section, drawn t0 an enlarged scale, of the 'preferred 'construcnon of the pre-heater and vsporizea'11i1sf trating a way in Awhich tlie'latter-'rnayle connected to the leads running to 'a battery. Fig. 2 isA a plan; drawn to 'thefsaine"sca1e, of the same construction of prelheaterV and vaporizer, certain parts shown in` Figl 1 bein omitted. Fig. 3 is a plan, drawn to a re uced scale, of o'ne of' the L-shaped strips of metal which serve as a meansfor enabling theV pre-heater and" vaporizer"to be connected to saidleads.; Figs. @and 5 are perspective fractional views illustrating two stages in the bending of saidL metal strips. Fig. 6 is a vertical section and Fig. 7 is a plan of` an alternative construction of the pref-heater and vaporizer in which the carbon parts thereof'consist ofsegnients. Figs. 8 and 9, and Fi s. 10 and 1l,'are views, corresponding to igs. 6 and 7i1lustrating further constructions of the reheater andy vaporizer, in which the car' n` parts thereof consist respectively of: discs and concentric sleeves. F1 12y is'a vertical section illustrating a car uretorprovided with the preferred construction 'of lprelieater and vaporizer.

Referring first to the construction of preheater and,`vaporizer illustratd `by Figs. l and 2, ani'i shown in Fig. 12, 1 is a sleeve which is preferably made of' carbon, somewhat porous carbon, though it may consist of graphite. 2 is'xnica-*byfwhich the sleeve 1 is insulated from the-jet of the carburetor' to which the sleeve is to' be applied. 3 are metal rings in close vcontact with upper and lower parts of the sleeve 1. These rings form parts of strips 3 of metal, which are made, as shown in Fig. 3, of substantially L-shape, that is to say are providedI with two limbs 3 and 31 disposed at rig-ht angles to one`- another, namely a shorter ,limb 3, which is made of definite length, and a longer limb 3m which is pro-vided at its outer end with a pair of slots 3W for enabling the leads running to the battery to be connected to the strips 3. The strips 3I are secured in position on tlie pre-heater and vaporizer in the manner now to be described. The shorter limb 3n of each strip is bent at its end so as to provide a hook 3V the outer part of which is located at a distance from the contiguous parts of the strip corresponding to the thickness of the strip. The remainder ofthe shorter limb 3 of each strip is bent to such shape as to lit the exterior of the pre-heater and vaporizer, and the longer limb 3m of the strip is bent upwards at rightrangles to the shorter limb, va space corresponding to the thickness of the strip being left between the contiguous parts of this .portion of the strip. The bent strip will then be of the shape shown in Fig. 4. The hooked part 3V of the shorter limb. 3 of the strip is now engaged with the junction of the two limbs of the strip, that is to say the inner portion of the hooked part 3V ofsthe strip is passed, into the space vobtaining betweenthe contiguous parts of the two 'limbs of the strip. The longer limb 3' of the strip' is now bent downwards, that is to say in the opposite direction to that in which ithas previously been bent, so as to secure in position the interengaging parts oi' the strip. The appearance of the strip will now bethat illustrated by Fig. 5. After the strips?)I have been secured in position on the pre-heater and vaporizer the strips are connected to wires 4 leading to the battery by passing them through the slots 3W formed in the4 outer parts of the longer limbs 3m of the strips. Asbestos 5 is then placed between the outer parts of the longer limbs 3' of the strips 31, and said limbs secured on the faces ofthe asbestos 5 by wrapping asbestos cord 6 round the limbs.

Although the aggregation or mass of carbonV constituting the pre-heater and vaporizer referably takes the form of a sleeve it may e of other construction. For instance, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7. it may be constructed of a flanged tube 7 of porcelain 0r other suitable insulatin' material provided with suitably spaced ns T* and of segments 1I of carbon housed in the Spaces obtainin between said fins 71 and secured in position and electrically connected to one another by means of two or more wires 8 engaging with grooves in the segments and the edges of the tins. Alternatively, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, the pre-heater and vaporizer may consist of a flanged tube 7 of porcelain or other insulating material, and of discs 1II of carbon which are separated from one another by discs 7n of insulating material and are electrically r. Or, as shown in Figs. 10 and 11, the preheater and vaporizer may be constructed of a flanged tube 7 of porcelain or other insulating material and of concentrically disposed sleeves 1III of carbon, the latter being electrically connected to one another by means of screws 8u passing through all of the sleeves and engaging with the tube 7.

The pre-heater and vaporizer may be used with many constructions of carburetors without entailing any structural alterations therein. A suitable construction of carburetor is illustrated by Fig. 12.

This carburetor comprises an annular chamber 9, a float 10 of corresponding shape, and a jet 11 arranged in the axisrof the chamber 9 and connected by a tube or tubes 12 to said chamber, the inner periphery of which is shaped to form or has secured to it a fittin 13 of the shape necessary to form the cho e-bore of the carburetor. The annular float chamber 9 is supplied with paraiiin or other liquid fuel from a chamber 14 located at one side of the float chamber and communicating therewith by means of an orifice 15. The supply chamber 14 is formed at its bottom with a nipple 16, which is connected by `means of a tube 17 to the tank supplying the liquid fuel to the carburetor and is provided at its upper end with a seating 18 for a needlevalve 19. This needle valve 19, suitably guided in the supply chamber 14, is controlled by means of a rocking lever 20 operated by the float 10. The bottom Wall of the float chamber 9 is preferably heated by the exhaust gases of the engine. This heating may be eected by means of an annular chamber 21 arranged immediately below the float chamber 9 and connected by a pipe 22 to the exhaust pipe of the engine, the bottom wall of the ioat chamber being preferably formed with annular depressions or pockets 9, so as to increase the heating eiect of the exhaust gases on the liquid fuel contained in the float chamber, and the inner walls of the annular heating chamber 21 being provided with ribs 21I to cause heating of the air drawn into the carburetor. The tube 17 conveying li uid fuel to the carburetor is preferably coiled around the pipe 22 by which the exhaust gases are conveyed to the annular heating chamber 21. The quantity of liquid fuel ssuin from the jet 11 of the carburetor is contro led by means of a valve consisting of a coued disc or button 23 adapted to cooperate with a corresponding seating 24 4formed in the upper end of the jet 11. The

valve 23 is removably mounted on a spindle 25 engaging with screw threads 26 formed in the lower part of the jet casting.

Having now described my invention what I have invented and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. A pre-heater and vaporizer for application to the jet of the carburetor of an internal combustion engine consisting of an insulated aggregation of carbon.

2. A pre-heater and vaporizer for application to the jet of the carburetor of an internal combustion engine consisting of an insulated sleeve of somewhat porous carbon, substantially as described.

3. A pre-heater and vaporizer for application to the jet of the carburetor of an internal combustion engine comprsin an insulated aggregation or mass of car on and means for enabling said pre-heater to be connected to wires leading to a battery, said means consisting of strips of metal of approximately L-shape one of the limbs of each of which strips is formed at its outer end With a hook and is bent so as to tit the preheater, while the other limb of each strip, provided atits outer end with slots, is bent at its junction with said first named limb upwards and at right angles to said limb, is engaged with the hook at the end of said limb, and is then bent downwards on t0 the outer part of said hook, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my 30 

